The Endless Frontier…and Beyond

Where Does Science Go From Here?
The Endless Frontier: The Film


Directed by two-time Emmy Award winner Marilyn Ness, produced by Consequential in association with The Aspen Institute’s Science & Society Program, and Executive Produced based on an original concept by AARON F. MERTZ, PH.D. and SHRUTI NAIK, PH.D., this is a film from the heart of scientists about science.
Synopsis
At this moment when the world needs scientific innovation more than ever, America’s research enterprise is under growing pressure. Funding uncertainty, institutional constraints, and political instability are reshaping the lives of the very people charged with imagining a better future.
THE ENDLESS FRONTIER shows how the American research system is fueled by brilliance and persistence but strained by sacrifice and burnout. The film sounds an important alarm, making clear what we all could lose if the system fails.
How this Film Came to Be
This gap in understanding, they believed, contributed to a lack of sustained political support for scientific research in the United States, and they felt compelled to act.
They approached the production company Consequential to explore the possibility of a documentary. Over the course of nine months, Consequential developed the project, researching scientists at universities across the country in search of subjects who could meaningfully convey the wonder, complexity, and stakes of basic research. Under the guidance of two-time Emmy Award-winning director Marilyn Ness, and producer Elizabeth Westrate, we identified scientists at Princeton University, the University of Utah, and the University of California, Los Angeles.
What followed was a three-year journey through production and post-production that took the filmmakers from rural fields in central New Jersey to engineering labs in Utah, classrooms at UCLA, the waters of French Mo’orea, and ultimately to Washington, D.C., where decisions about the future of American science are made.
Using a vérité approach, the crew followed three scientists in their personal and professional lives, capturing both what they sacrifice and what society stands to gain from the work they and their colleagues do every day.
Midway through production, a shift in political leadership dramatically altered the landscape of the story, as new policies began to reshape how science is funded and regulated. Each of the film’s subjects felt the impact, and the filmmakers adapted, documenting how these changes complicated their work while maintaining a rigorous commitment to nonpartisan storytelling.
The State of the American Scientific Enterprise Today
American science now stands at a defining crossroads, marked by breathtaking possibility and profound uncertainty. For decades, federal agencies like the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) have formed the backbone of the country’s research ecosystem, funding basic discoveries that underpin revolutionary medical breakthroughs, technological innovation, and economic growth. This system helped make the United States the world’s scientific leader. Today, it is facing one of the most consequential periods of disruption in modern history.
Since 2025, federal science funding has been marked not only by uncertainty, delays, and cuts, but also by a significant shift in how funding priorities are determined. For perhaps the first time in modern American science, research agendas are being shaped less by scientific expertise than by political ideology. The growing role of political appointees, along with the sidelining of expert judgment in determining what research is worthy of support, has raised deep concerns about the integrity of the nation’s research enterprise.
Against this backdrop, thousands of research grants at the NIH and NSF have been frozen or terminated (more than 3,800 in one year alone), affecting billions of dollars in previously approved research. Similar analyses suggest that over 7,800 grants were canceled or suspended across both agencies, an unprecedented shift in the post-World War II model of steady federal investment in science. These changes have slowed clinical trials, delayed research programs, and disrupted career paths for scientists across the country.
Recent federal plans have called for deep reductions, including proposed cuts of more than 50 percent to NSF funding and significant reductions at NIH, even as Congress has often attempted to partially restore funding levels. At the same time, troubling policy shifts are increasingly steering the direction of American science, prioritizing political and ideological agendas over the judgment of scientific experts.
The result has been a system in flux. Compared to previous years, NIH has awarded billions of dollars less in research grants, and fewer new projects are being funded, with some programs issuing more than 20 percent fewer awards. At NSF, delays in distributing funds and shifts in priorities have reduced the number of active grants and redirected attention toward selected strategic fields like artificial intelligence and quantum science.
Despite these disruptions, the underlying strength of American science remains clear. The research infrastructure, talent base, and university system continue to be among the most robust in the world. But the current moment represents a turning point. With funding uncertain and priorities shifting, the future of U.S. scientific leadership – and the pace of discovery itself – will depend on how these changes unfold in the years ahead.
Film Participant Bios

Paul Barber, Ph.D.

Andrea Graham, Ph.D.

Jacob George, Ph.D.
Full Crew Bios
Marilyn Ness (Director) - Marilyn Ness is a two-time Emmy, Peabody, and DuPont Award-winning documentary director and producer. As director, Ness is interested in complex, social justice stories from multiple viewpoints. She directed CHARM CITY, an observational documentary exploring the divide between police and citizens, premiering at Tribeca 2018, shortlisted for the 2019 Academy Award®, broadcast on PBS’ Independent Lens, and nominated for an Emmy Award®. Her directorial debut, BAD BLOOD, broadcast on PBS in 2011, chronicles the anatomy of a medical disaster from the perspective of survivors, the medical community, and the pharmaceutical companies responsible. She is currently at work on POSTMORTEM, a personal, interdisciplinary theater and documentary project.
As a former partner in the woman-owned and led documentary company, Big Mouth Productions, Ness produced Kirsten Johnson’s groundbreaking films DICK JOHNSON IS DEAD and CAMERAPERSON, Netflix’s BECOMING about Michelle Obama, (dir. Hallgren); Independent Lens’ TRAPPED (dir. Porter) and Netflix’s E-TEAM (dir. Chevigny & Kauffman). Altogether her films won four Sundance Jury Prizes, were nominated for ten Primetime/Documentary Emmy’s, and were shortlisted for the Academy Awards four times. Ness is a member of the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences.
Ted Richane (Producer) - Ted Richane is a seasoned producer, strategist, and entrepreneur working closely with filmmakers, production companies, funders and distributors from development through distribution to assure storytelling makes measurable impact. He’s produced content and campaigns spanning multiple issues areas, and recently produced THE ENDLESS FRONTIER, a feature-length documentary exploring today’s crisis in American science. For six years, Ted oversaw publicity, audience engagement and impact strategy for Microsoft co-founder Paul G. Allen’s Vulcan Productions, where he maximized reach and impact for projects in mental health, oceans, conservation, climate change and beyond. A co-founder of Consequential, he is an industry leader at building and managing story-driven impact campaigns.
Elizabeth Westrate (Producer) - Elizabeth Westrate is an Emmy nominated filmmaker with over 25 years of production experience, leading complex international projects for a broad range of clients. Her work has been broadcast on Netflix, PBS, HBO, Hulu, Amazon, NBC, CNN, Sundance Channel, Public Radio International and at major film festivals and museums around the world.
Westrate is producer of JIMMY & THE DEMONS for Cedar Creek Productions, which premiered at the 2025 Tribeca Film Festival and is now in theatrical release. Also, the upcoming feature documentary THE ENDLESS FRONTIER for Consequential, premiering in June 2026. She recently acted as producer on Jamie Boyle’s feature documentary, ANONYMOUS SISTER, which was nominated for the Outstanding Social Issue Documentary Emmy and shortlisted for Best Feature Documentary by the International Documentary Association. Westrate was the director of the critically acclaimed documentary A FAMILY UNDERTAKING (PBS/POV), as well as THE JAMES WOLFENSOHN TRIBUTE PROJECT, PASSING ON THE GIFT and many other films. She was series producer of I CONTAIN MULTITUDES, a twelve-part science series for PBS Digital and HHMI, and also thirty episodes of the innovative ecological PBS series, E2: E2 DESIGN, E2 ENERGY and E2 TRANSPORT.
She has acted as line producer for high-profile documentary projects such as Alexis Bloom and Svetlana Zill’s CATCHING FIRE: THE STORY OF ANITA PALLENBERG (Cannes 2023), Derek Goldman’s REMEMBER THIS (Great Performances 2023), Dror Moreh’s THE HUMAN FACTOR (Telluride 2019), Roger Ross Williams’ AMERICAN JAIL (CNN Films 2018) and multiple projects for Bruce Springsteen/Thrill Hill with director Thom Zimny.
Ruth Johnston (Executive Producer) - Ruth Johnston is an award-winning producer and executive producer of films ranging from Oscar® winner SUMMER OF SOUL and Oscar® nominees HUNGER WARD and LEAD ME HOME to festival favorites, REASON I JUMP, and MASTER OF LIGHT. Ruth recently produced ENDURANCE for National Geographic Documentary Films (now on Disney+). Co-Founder of Consequential, she is a veteran producer behind hundreds of hours of film, television and interactive digital media projects, including the multiple Emmy winning Cash Cab. As an executive, she was COO of Lion TV in New York and General Manager of Microsoft co-founder Paul G. Allen’s Vulcan Productions, where she grew and managed a team that became an industry leader in impact storytelling.
Aaron Mertz, Ph.D. (Executive Producer) - Aaron F. Mertz, Ph.D., is Founder and Executive Director of the Aspen Institute Science & Society Program, where he leads national and international initiatives at the intersection of science, public trust, and civic life. A biophysicist by training, he founded the program in 2019 after a postdoctoral fellowship in biology at Rockefeller University. His work focuses on how scientific knowledge moves beyond laboratories into public understanding, institutional decision-making, and democratic life, with projects spanning documentary film, global convenings, and policy engagement. He has led collaborations with major corporations and philanthropic foundations to strengthen public confidence in science and the systems that support it.
Before joining Aspen, Mertz completed graduate work in physics at Yale University and in the history of science at University of Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar. His scientific research and advocacy for underrepresented groups in science have been recognized internationally. In addition to his policy and institutional work, he serves as an executive producer of The Endless Frontier, a feature documentary examining how the American research system works in practice and what is at stake as public trust and public investment in science begin to weaken.
Shruti Naik, Ph.D. (Executive Producer) - Dr. Shruti Naik is an Executive Producer of The Endless Frontier and a leading voice in immunology, regenerative medicine, and science advocacy. She is a tenured Associate Professor and Director of the Colton Center for Autoimmunity at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, in New York City. Naik’s work has advanced understanding of immunity, inflammation, and regenerative medicine, with broad implications for human health. Her discoveries have been published in leading journals including Cell, Science, and Nature, cited thousands of times, and presented in more than 150 invited lectures worldwide.
Beyond the laboratory, Naik is committed to strengthening public trust in science and expanding access to scientific careers. She has co-founded the science advocacy nonprofit NY-CURES and shared her perspective through NBC, NPR, Wired, and other platforms. She serves in national and international scientific leadership and advisory roles. Her honors include the Regeneron Prize for Creative Innovation, L’Oréal For Women in Science Award, Blavatnik Award for Young Scientists, Takeda International Award in Regeneration, Packard Fellowship and NIH Director’s New Innovator Award.
A Consequential Production
KEY CREDITS
Executive Produced and Based on an Original Concept by
AARON F. MERTZ, PH.D. and SHRUTI NAIK, PH.D.
Executive Producer
RUTH JOHNSTON
Executive Producer
NATALIA PASTERNAK, PH.D.
Executive Producer
D.D. WIGLEY
Written and Edited by
ANDREY ALISTRATOV
Produced by
TED RICHANE and ELIZABETH WESTRATE
Written and Directed by
MARILYN NESS
“What we invest in today will shape our tomorrow”
www.endlessfrontierfilm.com
Cinematography
MARTIN DiCICCO
EMILY TOPPER
BRENDA ZUNIGA
PAUL BARBER, Ph.D.
Music by
SAUL SIMON MACWILLIAMS
Line Producer
STEVEN GRUSKIN
Development Executive
ROCKY COLLINS
Associate Producer
RUBY LANET
Associate Producers
ELYSSA BUDD
KATHERINE CLARY
CLEMENTINE DOW
CHARLOTTE ZONIS
DEDICATION
This film is dedicated to educator Shirley A. Mertz, a science and patient advocate who lived with stage 4 breast cancer for 22 years thanks to ongoing breakthroughs in science research.
ADDITIONAL PRODUCTION CREDITS
Additional Cinematography By
JOHN BENAM
JULIA CAMP
SAMUEL FISH
CHRISTOPHER LaMARCA
Camera Assistants
CESAR ALVAREZ
CHRISTIAN GARCIA
NOBLE GRAY
DANIEL LYU
Audio
KOLIN BRINKERHOFF
TOM CONZO
KEVIN CUNNINGHAM
CHRIS FABER
WESLEY GRANT
GIOVANNI LIMA
CALEB MOSE
HAYLEY WAGNER
Gaffers
JASON CHUA
CRAIG KATAYAMA
DAVID SHEETZ
Grips
ROBERT LIBBEE
JORGE QUINTERA
Production Assistants
TRENT ALGAYER
LOLA CONSTANTINO
NATHAN JUDD
BRIANNA OLMOS
BELLA RACKLIN
SASHA SINKLER
Researcher
AILEEN O’HEARN
Field Producer
ANAYANSI PRADO
Archival Producer
JUDITH SNYDERMAN
MOOREA UNIT
Local Fixer
CHARLOTTE PAOUES
Location Manager
RAINA TEMARII
Grip
IOTUA TIARII
Boat Captain
ANDREW ANAHOA
POST PRODUCTION
Lead Assistant Editor
MATTHEW CHAO
Post Technical Operations - Media
CLAUDINE BRANTLEY
EAST COAST DIGITAL
Colorist
STEWART GRIFFIN
Online Editor
KEVIN ALLEN CABY
Supervising Sound Editor & Re-Recording Mixer
MIKE FRANK
Sound Effects Editor
JERRELL SUELTO
Finishing Producer
WENDI LITTERAL
Finishing Managers
BEN KIVIAT
KEVIN ALLEN CABY
Deliverables Technician
DANIEL PADBERG BARTOO
Technical Supervisor
SANDY PATCH
Finishing Executives
WILL COX
JESSICA HINDS
Senior Post Production Engineer
ANTHONY LEFEBVRE
Post Production Services & Sound Facility
SKYLINE FINISHING
Titles & Graphics
COMPOST CREATIVE
MUSIC
Orchestration, Arranging, Additional Music
RÉYA WAHAB
Violin and Viola
JONATHAN DINKLAGE
Cello
CLARICE JENSEN
Synth Programming
GIACOMO PICASSO
DEVELOPMENT & ADDITIONAL SERVICES
Development
BETH AALA
SCOTT SINKLER
EVGENIY YAVTUSHENKO
Skeleton Wrangler
MARY McLAUGHLIN
EEB Osteology Collection, Princeton University
Production Accountants
CITRIN COOPERMAN LLC
Legal Counsel
DONALDSON CALLIF PEREZ LLP
Copyright Counsel
JASZI BUTLER PLLC
Website Services
SciStories, LLC
OUR DEEPEST THANKS TO
PAUL BARBER, Ph.D.
ANDREA GRAHAM, Ph.D.
JACOB GEORGE, Ph.D.
MARTA IVERSEN, Ph.D.
REBECCA FAREWELL
ROBERT FAREWELL
TINA FAREWELL
COURTNEY JOHNSON
SAMOANA MATAGI
BRIAN MCKENNA
JOHN SEELANDER
DR. PAUL BARBER’S PROGRAM MENTORS & 2024 COHORT
MIKE ANGHERA
JEANNIE BARBER-CHOI
D’KARIA BASCOM
AUSTIN BETANCOURT-SANCHEZ
ELIJAH CATALAN
ALEXANDRA DAVIS, Ph.D.
KAI DAVIS
TREVAUGHN ELLIS
AMIEL FLORES
PEGGY FONG, Ph.D.
ALONDRA GALLEGOS
SUGEY GALVAN
ADRIANNA JOHNSON
ERICK ZERECERO MARIN
A. KIMO MORRIS, Ph.D.
ZURI MURPH
AMARA OKONGWU
OMAIRA OLIVAS
MADELEINE PACHECO
TAVON PALMER
ANTHONY (MANA) PHILBOIS
IHIRAU PITON
KEVIN RODRIGUEZ
AMARIE STRONG
RUTH VIVEROS-MAVTIR
Support for Dr. Barber’s program has been provided by
UC-HBCU INITIATIVE
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (NSF)
DR. JACOB GEORGE’S RESEARCH TEAM
MONIKA BUCZAK
CHRISTOPHER DUNCAN, M.D.
ABBY HARRISON
ALLIE HENINGER
MARTA IVERSEN, Ph.D.
FREDI MINO
CONNOR OLSEN
ABBIE PAXMAN
CLAY STANLEY
CALEB THOMSON, Ph.D.
MARSHALL TROUT, Ph.D.
TROY TULLY, Ph.D.
SUZANNE WENDELKEN, M.D., Ph.D.
EMILY YOUNG
UTAH NEUROROBOTICS LAB INDUSTRY PARTNERS
BIOLOGIC INPUT OUTPUT SYSTEMS
BLACKROCK NEUROTECH
DEKA RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
ESPIRITU DESIGN
FILLAUER MOTION CONTROL
HANGER
META REALITY LABS
MYOMO
POINT DESIGNS
RIPPLE NEURO
SYNAPSE BIOMEDICAL
TASKA PROSTHETICS
TETRADAPT
Support for Dr. George’s work has been provided by
ALS ASSOCIATION
DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY (DARPA)
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CONGRESSIONALLY DIRECTED MEDICAL RESEARCH PROGRAM (CDMRP)
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH (NIH)
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (NSF)
UTAH SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS (VA)
DR. ANDREA L. GRAHAM RESEARCH TEAM & COLLABORATORS
KEN CADWELL, Ph.D.
SEOKYOON CHANG
DAVID CHANG VAN OORDT, Ph.D.
ANNA CHITTENDEN
BILLY CRAIGENS
EMILY DENNIS, Ph.D.
P’NG LOKE, Ph.D.
FANNY MATHEIS, M.D.,Ph.D.
IVANNA MOLINA LOPEZ
DANIEL METZ, Ph.D.
ANDREW MOELLER, Ph.D.
OYEBOLA OYESOLA, D.V.M.,Ph.D.
JONAS SCHLUTER, Ph.D.
LILLIAN SUN
NATALIE WONG
Support for Dr. Graham’s work has been provided by
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (NSF)
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH (NIH)
STATE OF NEW JERSEY
ARCHIVAL PROVIDED BY
ADOBE STOCK FOOTAGE
iSTOCK - SIMON SKAFAR
NATURE PICTURE LIBRARY
NHNZ
PERISCOPE FILMS
POND5
ADDITIONAL MATERIAL
ASSOCIATED PRESS
PAUL BARBER & JEANNIE BARBER-CHOI
BLOOMBERG
BRITISH PATHÉ
CBS
CEDAR RAPIDS OHIO GAZETTE
THE CHICKASHA DAILY EXPRESS
THE CHRONICLE
CNN
DESERET NEWS - SALT LAKE TRIBUNE
DISCOVERY EDUCATION
DW NEWS
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA FILMS
REBECCA FAREWELL
JAKE GEORGE & MARTA IVERSEN
GOVERNMENT.ORG
ANDREA GRAHAM & BILLY CRAIGENS
HUMAN GENOME PROJECT
KSL NEWS
LANSING STATE JOURNAL
THE MILLER CENTER
MIT
THE MONCTON TRANSCRIPT
MOODY INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE
MSNBC
NARA
NASA
NEW JERSEY SPOTLIGHT NEWS
NEW YORK TIMES
NIXON FOUNDATION
NOAA
NPR
THE OBAMA WHITE HOUSE
THE PARK CITY DAILY NEWS
PBS NEWSHOUR
PRELINGER ARCHIVES
JOHN AND MARCIA PRICE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
THE ROANOKE TIMES
SIMON & SCHUSTER
SOURCEBOOKS EXPLORE
TRUMAN LIBRARY
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH HEALTH
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
UNITED STATES SENATE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
WARD’S NATURAL SCIENCE
WGBH
SPECIAL THANKS
Aletta & Zahia
Jeff Bagley
John Battelle
Mark Becker
Dan, Eve, & Jane Bolger
Jamie Boyle
Evolutionary Biology Teaching Labs, Princeton University
Eric Carr
Purcell Carson
Robert Edwards
Penelope Falk
Brittany Fowler
Philip Friedman
Cary Funk, Ph.D.
Elliot Gerson
Jon Halperin
Jessica Harrop
Erich Jarvis
Julie Kiefer
Beth Levison
Evan Lerner
Sarah Menzies
Parham Mohadjer
Teo and Nilo Mohadjer
Jennifer Morrill
National Science Foundation
National Institutes of Health
State of New Jersey
Carla R. Nowosad, Ph.D.
Villa Ohana
Sadye Paez
Ferne Pearlstein
Daniel Quiyu
Tanesa Reed
Dallas Rexer
Amber Richane
August and Theo Richane
Ahmad Rizvi
Marc, Noah, & Oliver Sacher
Jylana L. Sheats, Ph.D., MPH
Tahiti Film Services
UCLA Berkeley Gump Station, Moorea
Mary Welch
Rachel Wolther
THE ENDLESS FRONTIER
was made with support from
Allen Institute
Holly S. Andersen, M.D.
Aporia Films
Nancy Blachman
Burroughs Wellcome Fund
Doris Duke Foundation
Google.org
Hobson/Lucas Family Foundation
Zachary Karabel
Kenneth Rainin Foundation
Lyda Hill Philanthropies
Metastatic Breast Cancer Foundation
Natalia Pasternak, Ph.D.
Primordium Foundation
Rick Stamberger
Rita Allen Foundation with Center for Cooperative Media
Faith Salie
The Wallace Foundation
Dan and Sandra Weiss
D. D. Wigley
This project was completed with the support of the
Women Make Movies Production Assistance Program
© 2026 Six Degrees From Science, LLC.
All rights reserved.


